Relação entre trabalho infantil e resultados escolares: análise dos microdados do ensino fundamental em Minas Gerais no período de 2009 a 2019

Abstract

Child labor remains a reality in Brazil, hindering the complete development of the learning process for thousands of children and adolescents and acting as a factor in the intergenerational transmission of poverty. The general objective of this research was to analyze how child labor affected the school performance of students in municipalities of Minas Gerais between 2009 and 2019. To this end, a quantitative research methodology with an exploratory and descriptive approach was used to demonstrate student performance on the tests of the Basic Education Assessment System (Saeb) from 2009 to 2019, employing a multiple linear regression model. In addition, a temporal overview of the different types of children and adolescent labor between 2009 and 2019 was developed to verify the incidence of these types, measuring their growth and reduction over the period, as well as their impact on the learning process. The research revealed that the double burden of work, both domestic and external work, negatively and more markedly affects 5th-grade elementary school students. Keywords: Child Labor, Human Capital, School Performance, SAEB (Basic Education Evaluation System).